Sherry Olson
As a historical geographer, I work at the intersection of economy, culture and environment. Early projects dealt with forest history â pricing water, railways as tree-planters, and traditions of response to risk. More recent projects focus entirely on cities: the creation of environments that advantage some citizens over others. In terms of method, my work addresses two challenges:
The first is the problem of connecting âmicroâ with âmacroâ analysis. Â For a miniaturized model of the population of Montreal, we reconstituted families from parish records of births, deaths and marriages, to explore survival rates, fertility, and migrant behaviour. The sample, amounting to a thousand married couples, allowed comparison of three cultural communities â French Canadian, Anglo-Protestant, and Irish Catholic.
The second challenge â to visualize our living-spaces as âfour-dimensionalâ â is best shown in the Montreal HGIS of the MAP team: an array of databases integrated as geographic information systems. For putting homes, workplaces, and institutions on the map, Â our layers are richest for 1825, 1846, 1880, and 1901. Data are available to all scholars for exchange, enrichment, and exploration, in searchable formats.
Research projects:
- MontrĂ©al, l'avenir du passĂ©. This bilingual website has interactive maps of Montreal 1881-1901, historic photos, overlaps of map imagery and GIS layers, downloadable files. Sherry Olson, Robert Sweeny et l'Ă©quipe du Centre interuniversitaire d'Ătudes quĂ©bĂ©coises, Laval & UQTR. A part of the broader research site: https: EspaceCIEQ.ca
- / This website has searchable and interactive maps for Lovell's city directory of 1880, Census of Montreal 1881, Taxroll Ville de MontrĂ©al, 1880, Occupants; Taxroll Ville de MontrĂ©al, 1880, PropriĂ©taires. Created in collaboration with LĂ©on Robichaud, Joanne Burgess, Laura Barreto, Robert Sweeny and others, in the Laboratoire d'histoire UQĂM
- /â âMAP - MontrĂ©al lâavenir du passĂ©â is a long-lived but informal research network. This website provides QGIS demos, and documentation of MAP geobases for 1825, 1846 and 1881. Downloadables. Collaboration with Robert C.H. Sweeny and others
- An Irish innkeeper in 1840s Montreal: his friends, his bookshelves, his investments
- A social network: in collaboration with the project of Mary Anne Poutanen (History, Concordia) on the city's women tavernkeepers 1840-1860
Appointments:
- Assistant Professor, Geography & Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins (1965-1972)
- At 91ËżčÏÊÓÆ”, Department of Geography since 1973
- Membre associĂ© du CIĂQ Centre interuniversitaire dâĂ©tudes quĂ©bĂ©coises, UniversitĂ© Laval et UQTR
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PhD Geography, The Johns Hopkins University (1965)
- Olson, Sherry, âProperty and power: connecting the dotsâ, chapter 2 in  Colonial Metropole: The Making and Transformation of Montrealâs Square Mile, edited by D. Anastakis, E. Kirkland and D. Nerbas. University of Toronto Press. ISBN: 978-1-4875-2569-9 (in press for December 2022)Â
- Gauvreau, Danielle, Sherry Olson et Patricia Thornton. âDynamiques dĂ©mographiques Ă MontrĂ©al, 1880-1900â, Ă paraĂźtre dans Le Fait urbain, Claude Bellavance et Marc St-Hilaire,dirs.,  sĂ©rie Atlas historique du QuĂ©bec (CIEQ) Â
- Poutanen, Mary Anne, and Sherry Olson, âLeft out of the official history The Women of St Anne's Marketâ, pp. 74-79 in MontrĂ©al Capitale: L'exceptionelle histoire du site achĂ©ologique du marchĂ© Sainte-Anne et du parlement de la province du Canada.   MusĂ©e de la Pointe-Ă -CalliĂšre, CitĂ© d'archaeologie et d'histoire de MontrĂ©al MontrĂ©al, Les Ăditions du L'Homme 2021 (English edition February 2022).  See also pp 66-67 and 101   Â
- Olson, Sherry, and Peter Holland, âWhat newspaper archives can tell us about childscapesâ, pp 87-101 in Doing Spatial History edited by R. Bavaj, K. Lawson and B. Struck, Routledge Guides to Using Historical Sources, 2021.            Â
- Poutanen, Mary Anne, and Sherry Olson, âPublic houses and hidden networks: Roles of women in mid-nineteenth-century Montrealâ, pp. 161-180  in Micro-geographies of the Western City, c. 1750-1900, edited by J. Stobart, D. Lindström & A. Clemente, Routledge, 2021Â
- Holland, Peter, and Sherry Olson, âThe farmer's cutting edge in southern New Zealand 1864-1914â,  International Review of Environmental History 6-2 (2020): 27-56.Â
- Holland, Peter, and Sherry Olson, âAppetite for grass: Re-engineering landscapes of Otago and Southland 1864-1914â, New Zealand Geographer 76-3 (December 2020): 237-246Â
- Olson, Sherry, âMontreal property-owners of the 1850s: 'born or to be born'â, pp. 213-237 in Lâargent des familles : pratiques et rĂ©gulations sociales en Occident, 19e et 20e ČőŸ±ĂšłŠ±ô±đČő. QuĂ©bec: Pressses de lâUniversitĂ© Laval et Centre interuniversitaire dâĂ©tudes quĂ©bĂ©coises, edited by Thierry Nootens and Yvan Rousseau, Presses de l'UniversitĂ© Laval
- Olson, Sherry, and Peter Holland. âConversation in print: A network of children and youth in the South Island of New Zealand, 1886â1909â, Journal of the History of Children and Youth 12-2 (Spring 2019): 219-240
- Holland. Peter, Sherry Olson, and Chris Garden. âWork schedules on lowland farms in southen New Zealand from the late colonial period to the 1930sâ, New Zealand Geographer 75 (2019): 12-20
- Olson, Sherry. âRefocus on women in an Industrial Revolution: Montreal 1848-1903â, pp. 12-34 (chapter 1) in The Routledge Companion to Spatial History, eds. Ian Gregory, Don Debats, and Don LafreniĂšre. London, Routledge, 2018
- Olson, Sherry, âMoving into the world of work: Youth today and a century agoâ, pp. 209-228 (chapter) in Living in Quebec: A Reader in Intercultural Relations, StĂ©phan Gervais, Raffaele Iacovino, and Mary Anne Poutanen eds. Peter Lang, Bern (May 2018)
- Olson, Sherry, and Mary Anne Poutanen. âShelter from the hurry? Hospitality in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, pp. 154-171 in Architectures of Hurry, eds. Philip Mackintosh, R. Dennis, and D. Holdsworth. London, Routledge, 2018
- Olson, Sherry, âSetting the census household into its urban context: Visualizations from 19th-century Montrealâ, Demographic Research 36-46: 1399-1434, published 28 April 2017 DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2017.36.46
- Olson, Sherry, âThe urban horse and the shaping of Montreal, 1840-1914â, pp. 57-86 in Animal Metropolis: Histories of Human-Animal Relations in Urban Canada, edited by C. Sethna, D. Ingram, and J. Dean, Calgary, University of Calgary Press, 2017. Open access pdf download:
- Olson, Sherry, and Peter Holland. âCommentaires des jeunes sur une Ă©conomie en croissance : Ă©chos de la Nouvelle-ZĂ©lande de 1884 Ă 1914â, Enfances, Familles, GĂ©nĂ©rations. . Accessible also in English: "Youthful commentary on a growth economy: soundings from New Zealand 1884-1914".
- Holland, Peter, and Sherry Olson. âAgents of landscape change in southern New Zealand, 1896-1920â, 2017) to New Zealand Geographer (published on line October 2017) doi: 10.1111/nzg.12174
- Holland, Peter, and Sherry Olson, âLedgers and landscapes: Indicators of rural landscape change in southern New Zealand, 1878-1919â, New Zealand Geographer 73-1 (April 2017): 45-56Â Â DOI:Ìę10.1111/ČÔłúČ”.12145
- Olson, Sherry. âLa prĂ©sence irlandaise: un essai cartographiqueâ, in Dire la diversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec: RĂ©flexions sur fond musĂ©al, eds. MĂ©lanie Lanouette and Ătienne Rivard, 2017, pp. 93-104. SĂ©rie Cahiers du CIĂQ. Centre interuniversitaire dâĂ©tudes quĂ©bĂ©coisesÂ
- Olson, Sherry. âLadders of mobility in a fast-growing industrial cityâ, pp. 189-210 (chapter 9) in Lives in Transition: Longitudinal Analysis from Historical Sources, edited by Peter Baskerville and Kris Inwood, 91ËżčÏÊÓÆ”-Queenâs University Press, 2015
- Dufaux, François, and Sherry Olson, âRebuilding a neighbourhood of Montrealâ, pp. 79â88 (chapter 8) in Historical GIS Research in Canada, edited by Jennifer Bonnell and Marcel Fortin, University of Calgary Press, 2014. Open access pdf download
- Olson, Sherry, and Patricia A. Thornton 2011. Peopling the North American City: Montreal 1840-1900. Montreal: MQUP. Honorable mention, Sir John A. MacDonald Award of the Canadian Historical Association 2011
- Schwartzman, Kevin, Paul Brassard, Jason Gilliland, François Dufaux, Kevin Henry, David Buckeridge, and Sherry Olson 2012. âGeomatics as a tool for bridging the cultures of researchâ, pp. 75-100 in The Added value of scientific networking: Perspectives from the GEOIDE Network Members 1998-2012, N. Chrisman and M. Wachowicz eds., Quebec, 2012
- Olson, Sherry, Kevin Henry, Michele Jomphe, Paul Brassard and Kevin Schwartzman 2010 âTracking tuberculosis in the past: the use of genealogical evidenceâ. Journal of Historical Geography 36-3: 327-341
- Olson, Sherry 2013. âSilver and hotcakes and beer, Irish Montreal in the 1840sâ, Canadian Ethnic Studies, vol 45, no 1â2, pp. 179â201, doi: 10.1353/ces.2013.0024
- Olson, Sherry 2013 âSt Patrickâs and the Irish Catholicsâ, chapter 11, pp. 303-318 in The Sulpicians of Montreal, A History of Power and Discretion 1657-2007, edited by Dominique Deslandres, John A. Dickinson, and Ollivier Hubert (MontrĂ©al, Wilson & Lafleur). French edition 2007
- Olson, Sherry 2012. âĂ la ville, Ă la scĂšne, lâimpact fondateur des immigrants françaisâ. Ădition Ă©lectronique du Colloque Les immigrants français au Canada Ă l'Ă©poque de la Grande Migration transatlantique (1870-1914), .
- Olson, Sherry 2011. âCity streets as environmental grid: The challenge of private uses and municipal stewardshipâ, pp. 148-167 In Metropolitan Natures, Environmental Histories of Montreal, StĂ©phane Castonguay and MichĂšle Dagenais eds. Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press
- Gilliland, Jason A., Sherry H. Olson, and Danielle Gauvreau 2011. âDid segregation increase as the city expanded? The case of Montreal, 1881-1901â, Social Science History 35-4 (Winter): 465-503. doi 10.1215/01455532-1381823
- Thornton, Patricia, and Sherry Olson 2011. âMortality in late nineteenth-century Montreal: geographic pathways of contagionâ, Population Studies 65-2: 157-181
- Gilliland, Jason A., and Sherry Olson 2010. âResidential segregation in the industrializing city: a closer lookâ, Urban Geography 31-1: 29-58
- Gilliland, Jason A., and Sherry Olson 2010. âResidential segregation in the industrializing city: a closer look. Urban Geography 31-1: 29-58
- Olson, Sherry, Kevin Henry, Michele Jomphe, Paul Brassard and Kevin Schwartzman 2010. âTracking tuberculosis in the past: the use of genealogical evidenceâ, Â Journal of Historical Geography 36-3: 327â341
- Poutanen, Mary Anne, Sherry Olson, Raphael Fischler, and Kevin Schwartzman, 2009. âTuberculosis in town: mobility of patients in Montreal, 1925-1950â, Social History / Histoire sociale 42, no 83 (May): 69-106
- Dufaux, François, and Sherry Olson 2009. âReconstruire MontrĂ©al, rebĂątir sa fortune. Revue de BibliothĂšque et Archives nationales du QuĂ©bec, numĂ©ro 1, 44-57
- Carter, Andrew, Alice Zwerling, Sherry Olson, Terry-Nan Tannenbaum, and Kevin Schwartzman 2009. âTuberculosis and the cityâ, Health & Place 15-3 (September): 807-813
- Gauvreau, Danielle, and Sherry Olson 2009. âMobilitĂ© sociale dans une ville industrielle nord-amĂ©ricaine: MontrĂ©al, 1880-1900â, ADH Annales de dĂ©mographie historique 2008, numĂ©ro 1: 89-114
- Gauvreau, Danielle, Patricia Thornton, and Sherry Olson 2007. âThe harsh welcome of an industrial city: Immigrant women in Montreal, 1880-1900â, Social History - Histoire Sociale. 40, no 80 (November): 345-380
- Brassard, Paul, Kevin A. Henry, Kevin Schwartzman, Michele Jomphe, and Sherry Olson 2008. âGeography and genealogy of the human host harbouring a distinctive drug resistant strain of tuberculosisâ, Infection, Genetics and Evolution 8: 247-257
- Olson, Sherry, 2007 âDownwind, downstream, downtown: The environmental legacy in Baltimore and Montrealâ, Journal of Environmental History 12-4 (October): 845-866
- Olson, Sherry, 2007 âSaint-Patrick et les paroissiens irlandaisâ, pp. 289-304 in Les Sulpiciens de MontrĂ©al, Une histoire de pouvoir et de discrĂ©tion, 1657-2007, D. Deslandres, J.A. Dickinson, and O. Hubert, eds. (English edition 2013)
- Haase, Ian, Sherry Olson, Marcel A. Behr, Ian Wanyeki, Louise Thibert, Allison Scott, Alice Zwerling, Nancy Ross, Paul Brassard, Dick Menzies, Kevin Schwartzman 2007. âUse of geographic and genotyping tools to characterise tuberculosis transmission in Montrealâ, International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 11(6): 632-638
- Henry, Kevin, and Sherry Olson, 2006 âBalises patronymniques de l'AmĂ©rique françaiseâ, pp. 251-266 in Thomas Wien, CĂ©cile Vidal and Yves Frenette, De QuĂ©bec Ă l'AmĂ©rique française Histoire et mĂ©moire, Presses de l'UniversitĂ© Laval
- Thornton, Patricia, and Sherry Olson, 2006 âThe religious claim on babies in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, pp. 207-237 in Religion and the Decline of Fertility in the Western World, Renzo Derosas and Frans van Poppel, eds. Dordrecht, Springer
- Wanyeki, Ian, Sherry Olson, Paul Brassard, Dick Menzies, Nancy Ross, Marcel Behr, Kevin Schwartzman, 2006. âDwellings, crowding, and tuberculosis in Montrealâ, Social Science & Medicine 63-2 (July): 501-511
- Gauvreau, Danielle, Sherry Olson, and Patricia Thornton 2005 âThree demographic regimes in an industrializing cityâ, Poster, International Union for the Study of Population
- Olson, Sherry 2004. âThinking on time, toward a four-dimensional geographyâ, pp. 383-400 in Glimpses of a Gaian World, Essays in Honour of Peter Holland. G. Kearsley and B. Fitzharris eds. Dunedin, University of Otago School of Social Science
- Sweeny, Robert C.H., and Sherry Olson 2003. âMAP: MontrĂ©al lâavenir du passĂ©, Sharing geodatabases yesterday, today and tomorrowâ, Geomatica 57-2: 145-154
- Gilliland, Jason, and Sherry Olson 2003. âMontrĂ©al lâavenir du passĂ©â, GĂ©oinfo, Le bulletin du Plan gĂ©omatique du gouvernement du QuĂ©bec, janvier-fĂ©vrier, pp. 1-3 ()
- Thornton, Patricia, and Sherry Olson, 2002. âThe challenge of the Irish Catholic community in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, Histoire sociale / Social History, 35, no 70: 333-362
- Olson, Sherry, 2004. âEthnic partition of the work force in 1840s Montrealâ, Labour / Le Travail 53 (Spring): 157-200
- Olson, Sherry, and Patricia Thornton 2003. âMobilitĂ© et structure dĂ©mographique dans la rĂ©gion montrĂ©alaise, 1840 Ă 1900â, pp. 341-354 in C. Dessureault, J. Dickenson et J. Goy eds., Famille et marchĂ© XVIe-XXe ČőŸ±ĂšłŠ±ô±đČő (MontrĂ©al, Septentrion)
- Olson, Sherry, et Patricia Thornton 2001. âLa croissance naturelle des MontrĂ©alais au XIXe siĂšcleâ, Cahiers de dĂ©mographie du QuĂ©bec, 30, 2 (automne 2001) : 191-230
- Thornton, Patricia, and Sherry Olson 2001. âA deadly discrimination among Montreal infants 1860-1900â, Continuity and Change 16-1: 95-135
- Olson, Sherry, 2001 âCes touchants spectaclesâ, pp. 232-47 dans La Paroisse , Serge Courville et Normand SĂ©guin, eds. (Sainte-Foy, Presses de lâUniversitĂ© Laval)
- Olson, Sherry, et Jean-Claude Robert 2001. âMorphologie de la paroisse urbaineâ, pp. 98-105 in La Paroisse , S. Courville et N. SĂ©guin, eds. (Sainte-Foy, Presses de lâUniversitĂ© Laval)
- Olson, Sherry 2000. âForm and energy in the urban built environmentâ, pp. 224-43 in Canadian Cities In Transition, T. Bunting and P. Filion eds. (Oxford University Press, 2000, 2d ed.)
- Olson, Sherry 2000l âFeathering her nest in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, Social History / Histoire sociale 33 (May), 65: 1-35
- Olson, Sherry 1998. âPour se crĂ©er un avenir, StratĂ©gies de couples montrĂ©alais aux XIXe siĂšcleâ, Revue d'histoire de l'AmĂ©rique française 51-3 (hiver): 357-389
- Gilliland, Jason, and Sherry Olson 1998. âClaims on housing space in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, Urban History Review 26-2: 3-16
- Olson, Sherry 1997. âWind and Water, 1970-1996â, pp. 387-418 in expanded (2nd) edition of (own) Baltimore, Building an American City, Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
- Thornton, Patricia, and Sherry Olson 1997. âInfant vulnerability in three cultural settings in Montreal 1880â, pp. 216-241 in Infant and Child Mortality in the Past, A. Bideau, B. Desjardins et H. Perez-Brignoli eds. (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
- Olson, Sherry 1996. âLe peuplement de Montrealâ, pp. 81-94 and 104-107 (plates) in Population et Territoire, series Atlas historique du QuĂ©bec, dir. S. Courville, PUL
- Olson, Sherry, and Patricia Thornton 1995. âLe raz de marĂ©e irlandais Ă MontrĂ©alâ, pp. 69-80 in Y. Landry et al., Les Chemins de la migration en Belgique et au QuĂ©bec XVIIe-XXe ČőŸ±ĂšłŠ±ô±đČő. MNH
- Olson, Sherry 1995. âA profusion of light in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, pp. 253-262 in S. Courville and N. SĂ©guin, eds. Espace et Culture /Space and Culture (Sainte-Foy, Presses de lâUniversitĂ© Laval)
- Holland, Peter, and Sherry Olson 1995. âMaintaining the rural landscape: expectations and costs of hedgingâ, New Zealand Geographer 51-2: 16-24
- Olson, S.H., and A.L. Kobayashi 1993. âThe emerging ethncultural mosaicâ, pp. 138-52 in L.S. Bourne and D.F. Ley, The Changing Social Geography of Canadian Cities. Montreal, MQUP
- Olson, Sherry, et Patricia Thornton 1992. âFamilles montrĂ©alaises du XIXe siĂšcle : trois cultures, trois trajectoiresâ, Cahiers quĂ©bĂ©cois de dĂ©mographie, 21-2 (automne) : 51-75
- Olson, Sherry, and David Hanna 1990 and 1993. âSocial landscape of Montreal 1901â, In Historical Atlas of Canada (Presses of University of Toronto and UniversitĂ© de MontrĂ©al), vol. III (1990) Plate 30, and in volume II (1993) Plate 49.
- Olson, Sherry 1991. âThe Evolution of metropolitan formâ, pp. 240-262 in Trudi Bunting and Pierre Filion eds., Canadian Cities in Transition (Toronto, Oxford University Press, 1st ed.)
- Olson, Sherry 1991. âEthnic strategies in the urban economyâ, Canadian Ethnic Studies 23-2: 39-64
- Thornton, Patricia A., and Sherry Olson 1991. âFamily contexts of fertility and infant survival in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, Journal of Family History, 16-4 : 401-17
- Olson, Sherry 1989. âOccupations and residential spaces in nineteenth-century Montrealâ, Historical Methods 22-3 (Summer), 81-96
- Olson, S., P. Thornton, and Quoc Thuy Thach 1989. âDimensions sociales de la mortalitĂ© infantile Ă MontrĂ©al au milieu du XIXe siĂšcleâ, Annales de DĂ©mographie historique 1988, pp. 299-325
- Olson, Sherry 1989. âPaternalism and urban reform: an introductionâ, Urban History Review 17-3 (February): 143-47
- Holland, Peter, and Sherry Olson 1989. âIntroduced versus native plants in austral forestsâ, Progress in Physical Geography, 13-2: 260-93
- Holland, P.G., and S.H. Olson 1989. âProvenances of naturalised plants in Australasiaâ, Australian Geographer 20-2: 136-43
- Holland, Peter, and Sherry Olson 1989. âEcosystems in transition: the experience of Australia and New Zealandâ, New Zealand Journal of Geography 87 (April): 2-7. (Available at )
- Olson, Sherry 1988. âEnvironments as shock absorbers, examples from Madagascarâ, Environmental Review 12-4 (Winter): 61-80
- Olson, Sherry 1987. âRed destinies: the landscape of environmental risk in Madagascarâ, Human Ecology 15-1: 67-89
- Olson, Sherry, and Paul Gauthier 1984. âQui est membre dâune coopĂ©rative dâhabitation? â Service social 33-1 : 37-56
- Olson, Sherry, and Michael Taylor 1984. âLes coopĂ©ratives face aux fluctuations du marchĂ© de lâhabitationâ, ActualitĂ© immobiliĂšre 8-1 (printemps) : 11-22
- Olson, Sherry 1984. âThe robe of the ancestors: Forests in the history of Madagascarâ, Journal of Forest History 28-4 (October): 174-86.
- Hanna, David, and Sherry Olson 1983. âMĂ©tiers, loyers et bouts de rues: lâarmature de la sociĂ©tĂ© montrĂ©alaise, 1881 Ă 1901â, Cahiers de GĂ©ographie du QuĂ©bec 27, no 71 : 255-275.
- Olson, Sherry 1982. âUrban metabolism and morphogenesisâ, Urban Geography 3-2 (April-June): 87-109
- Olson, Sherry 1980. Baltimore, Building an American City (Johns Hopkins University Press, 400pp.) First published in 1980, updated in 1997 (the cityâs bicentennial), and chosen in 2012 as âBook of the Yearâ by the Baltimore Ecosystem Study
- Olson, Sherry H. 1979. âAn ecology of workplace hazardsâ, Economic Geography 55-4 (October): 287-308
- Olson, Sherry H. 1979. âBaltimore imitates the spiderâ, Annals of the Assoc. of American Geographers 69-4 (December): 557-74
- Olson, Sherry 1977. âThe Mirage of long-range planningâ, pp. 31-44 in Forestry and Long-Range Planning, F.J. Convery and C.W. Ralston, eds. Duke Univ. School of Forestry and Environmental Studies
- Olson, Sherry 1976. Baltimore. Series Comparative Metropolitan Analysis Project of Assoc. of Amer. Geographers and National Science Foundation. (Ballinger Press, 112pp.)
- Olson, Sherry H., Geoffrey N. Berlin, and L. Stephen Guiland 1973. âComputer modeling in a course on urban decision-makingâ, Simulation & Games 4-4 (December): 440-453
- Olson, Sherry 1971. The Depletion Myth, A History of Railroad Use of Timber (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 228pp.)
- Olson, Sherry 1966. âSome conceptual problems of interpreting the value of water in humid regionsâ, Water Resources Research 2-1 (First Quarter): 1-11
- Hessler, Sherry O. 1962. âThe great disturbing cause and the decline of the Queen Cityâ, Bulletin Historical & Philosophical Society of Ohio (July): 169-185