91˿Ƶ

Tools for Researchers

Building Relationships

The goal of working together to build long-term relationships is at the center of successful partnerships. 91˿Ƶ recognizes the importance of building trust and engaging in collaborative work with Indigenous communities.


"If you want to work with communities, work on relationship building." - Professor Treena Delormier,School of Human Nutrition


Before reaching out to Indigenous communities for guidance or research initiatives, 91˿Ƶ encourages students, faculty, and staff to learn about the land, colonialism in the past and present, and 91˿Ƶ's current and historical relationships with local communities. Access educational resources here.

Journals

  • Search "Indigenous" journals at 91˿Ƶ Library .
  • Search "First Nations" journals at 91˿Ƶ Library .
  • Search "Inuit" journals at 91˿Ƶ Library .
  • Search "Native American" journals at 91˿Ƶ Library .
  • Search "Metis" journals at 91˿Ƶ Library .
  • See 91˿Ƶ's School of Social Work's Reference Resources and Tools.

Online Resources

91˿Ƶ Library Databases

Research from Other Universities

  • - University of Saskatchewan
  • - University of Victoria
  • - Carleton University

Indigenous Research Methodologies (Lakehead University)

  • Absalon, K (Minogiizhigokwe). Kaandossiwin: How We Come to Know. Fernwood, 2011.
  • Castleden, H. "I spent the first year drinking tea: Exploring Canadian university researchers’ perspectives on community-based participatory research involving Indigenous peoples." The Canadian Geographer 2012; 56(2): 160–179.
  • Castleden, H. and Kurszewski, D. "Re/searchers as Co-learners: Life Narratives on Collaborative Re/search in Aboriginal Communities," Adult Education Research Conference, 2000.
  • Drawson, A. S. , Toombs, E. , Mushquash, C. J. "Indigenous Research Methods: A Systematic Review." The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 2017; 8(2).
  • Sylvestre P, Castleden H, Martin D, McNally M. "'Thank You Very Much... You Can Leave Our Community Now.': Geographies of Responsibility, Relational Ethics, Acts of Refusal, and the Conflicting Requirements of Academic Localities in Indigenous Research." ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies. 2018; 17(3): 750-779.
  • Institute for Integrative Science and Health. Two-eyed Seeing resources.
  • Kovach, M. Indigenous Methodologies: Characteristics, Conversations, and Contexts. UTP, 2009
  • Lakehead University - Office of Aboriginal Initiatives and Office of Research Services panel discussion, Two-Eyed Seeing: Bringing Indigenous and Western Technologies and Ways of Knowing Together. (Video) February 27, 2019. Moderator: Denise Baxter Panelists: Dr. Chris Mushquash (Lakehead University); John Dixon (Dilico Anishinabek Family Care); Dr. Lana Ray (Lakehead University); Deidre Bannerman (Canadore College); Holly Prince (Lakehead University); Maxine Crow (Naotkamegwanning First Nation)
  • Lakehead University - Office of Aboriginal Initiatives and Office of Research Services workshop, "Doing Research in a Good Way with Indigenous Partners" (Powerpoint Slides) September 27, 2019.
  • Levac, L., McMurty, L., Steinstra, D., Baikie, G., Hanson, C., and D. Mucina. "Learning Across Indigenous and Western Knowledge Systems: Reconciling Social Science Research Approaches." University of Guelph, 2018.
  • McGregor, D., Restoule, J.P., Johnston, R. Indigenous Research: Theories, Practices and Relationships. Canadian Scholars, 2018.
  • Ray, L. "Deciphering the 'Indigenous' in Indigenous Methodologies." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples, 2012; 8(1), 85–98.
  • Smith, L. Decolonizing methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. Zed Books, 1999.
  • Toombs, E. , Drawson, A. S. , Chambers, L. , Bobinski, T. L. , Dixon, J. , Mushquash, C. J. Moving Towards an Indigenous Research Process: A Reflexive Approach to Empirical Work With First Nations Communities in Canada. The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 2009; 10(1)
  • Wilson, S. Research Is Ceremony: Indigenous Research Methods. Fernwood Publishing, 2008.
  • Wilson, S., Breen, A., and L. DuPré. Research and Reconciliation: Unsettling Ways of Knowing through Indigenous Relationships. Canadian Scholar's, 2019.

Recommended Readings (University of Saskatchewan)

  • Akkio, Pekka and Martin Scheinin, eds. Operationalizing the Right of Indigenous Peoples to Self- Determination, Institute for Human Rights, Åbo Akademi University, 2000.
  • Alfred, Taiaiake. Peace, Power, and Righteousness: an Indigenous manifesto, Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Battiste, Marie. Decolonizing Education: Nourishing the Learning Spirit. Purich Publishing, 2013.
  • Brown, Leslie and Susan Strega. Eds. Research as Resistance: Critical, Indigenous and Anti-oppressive approaches. Canadian Scholars’ Press, 2005.
  • Chilisa, Bagele. Indigenous Research Methodologies. Sage Publications, 2012.
  • Coulthard, Glen Sean. Red Skin, White Masks: Rejecting the Colonial Politics of Recognition, University of Minnesota Press, 2014.
  • Deloria, Vine, Jr. and Daniel R. Wildcat. Power and Place: Indian Education in America, Colorado: Fulcrum Resources, 2001.
  • Driskill, Qwo-Li. Queer Indigenous Studies: Critical Interventions in Theory, Politics, and Literature, University of Arizona Press, 2011.
  • Green, Joyce. Ed. Making Space for Indigenous Feminism, Fernwood Publishing, 2008.
  • Kino-nda-niimi Collective. Eds. The Winter We Danced: Voices from the Past, the Future, and the Idle No More Movement, Arbeiter Ring Publishing, 2014.
  • Kovach, Margaret Elizabeth. Indigenous Methodologies: Characteristics, Conversations and Contexts. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010.
  • Lambert, Lori. Research for Indigenous Survival: Indigenous Research Methodologies in the Behavioral Sciences, Salish Kootenai College Press, 2014.
  • Razack, Sherene. Ed. Race, Space, and the Law: Unmapping a White Settler Society, Between the Lines, 2002.
  • Simpson, Leanne. Dancing on Our Turtle’s Back: Stories of Nishnaabeg Re-Creation, Resurgence, and New Emergence, Arbeiter Ring Publishing, 2011.
  • Smith, Andrea. Conquest: Sexual Violence and American Indian Genocide, South End Press, 2005.
  • Smith, Linda Tuhiwai. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. London: Zed Books, 1999.
  • St. Denis, V. Silencing Aboriginal curricular content and perspectives: “There are other children here.” Review of education, pedagogy, and cultural studies, 33(4), pp. 306-317, 2011.
  • St. Denis, V. Rethinking cultural theory in Aboriginal education. In M. Cannon & L. Sunseri (eds.), Racism, colonialism and Indigeneity in Canada: A reader, pp. Don Mills ON: Oxford University Press, 2011 Reprinted.
  • St. Denis, V. Aboriginal education and anti-racist education: Building alliance across cultural and racial identity, Canadian Journal of Education, 30(4), 1068-1092, 2007.
  • Suzack, Cheryl, et al. eds. Indigenous Women and Feminism: Politics, Activism, Culture, UBC Press, 2011.
  • Waters, Anne, ed., American Indian Thought: Philosophical Essays (Blackwell Publishing, 2004).
  • Wilson, Alex. How we find ourselves: Identity development and two-spirit people. In Ferguson, S. (Ed.), Race, gender, sexuality and social class. Dimensions of inequality. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2013.
  • Wilson, Shawn. Research Is Ceremony: Indigenous Research Methods. Fernwood Publishing, 2008.

Indigenous Education

  • - Online course
  • - Resources for supporting teachers in the classroom

Visit the Allyship Toolkits pagefor more classroom and academic resources.Visit the website for the Office of the Vice-Principal (Research and Innovation) for more information about research at 91˿Ƶ.

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